
A reCAPTCHA improves the process of digitizing books by sending words that cannot be read by computers to the Web in the form of CAPTCHAs for humans to decipher. More specifically, each word that cannot be read correctly by OCR is placed on an image and used as a CAPTCHA. This is possible because most OCR programs alert you when a word cannot be read correctly.
Every day the reCaptcha team serve over 30 million randomly chosen pairs of words from scanned books and newspapers to users around the world. For an overview of the reCaptcha system and how this min Mechanical Turk works check out the interview with co founder Luis Von Ahn.